Process of uniting materials.



J. C. WELLS.

PROCESS OF UNITING MATERIALS.

APPLICATION FILED 0150.12, 1914.

1,230,548. Patented June 19, 1917.

I l/Vl/E/VTOR JOEL C. WELLJ ATTORNEYS JOEL C. WELLS, OF SOUTHBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

PROCESS OF UNITING MATERIALS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 19, 191 '7.

Application filed December 12, 1914. Serial No. 876,983.

To all whom it may concern:

3e it known that I, JOEL C. WELLS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Southbridge, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Uniting Materials, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in processes for uniting materials, and has particular reference to a process adapted for use when considerable time is to elapse between the preparing of some of the parts and the uniting thereof.

The leading object of this invention is the provision of an improved process whereby parts to be united may be put out by a manufacturer in such form as to reduce to a minimum the amount of labor necessary for subsequent uniting with other articles by the consumer.

Another object of 'the invention is the provision of an improved process, which will insure the satisfactoryuniting of the parts at a time subsequent to the preparation of at least one of the parts and will permit of said joint being formed with a minimum amount of labor.

Other objects and advantages of the improved process should be readily apparent by reference to the following specifications and it will be understood that any variations in the process within the scope of the appended claims may be made without departing from or exceeding the spirit of this invention.

Figure I represents a plan view of the lens in its original condition.

Fig. II represents a fragmentary perspective view of a portion of p a mounting adapted to be applied to the lens.

Fig. III represents a cross sectional view of the mounting illustrating the roughened or abraded inner surface.

Fi IV represents a view similar to Fig. III, lllustrating the lacquer applied to the inner surface of the mounting.

Fig. V represents a Sectional view assembled construction.

Fig. VI represents a fragmentary view of the lens preparatory for insertion into the mounting.

Fig. VII represents a semi-sectional perspective view illustrating the heating of the several parts preparatory to final uniting.

of the process, therefore, I preferably roughen the inner surface of the U-shaped member 4 as at 1 and similarly roughen the outer surface of the member 16 as at 2, to fit into and ad acent the roughened inner face 1 of the member 4.

The member 4 having been suitably roughened,

and preferably immediately after the roughening in order to eliminate soiling, oxidation or the like of the roughened surface of the member 4, I coat said surface with the lacquer or flux 3, as illustrated in Fig. IV. i

Fig. VII illustrates the uniting of the parts in which a suitable flame 17 is employed to heat, if desired, both of the parts to be united, each of which is provided with a suitable amount of material 18 in the form of a heat actuated cement or the like, which will be readily softened by the flame. After the parts have been thus heated and the cementing material heated thereon, as hereinafter described, they are then pressed together and allowed to cool in the shape shown in Fig. VII, when it will be seen that the cement interlocks with the abraded or roughened portion of both the members 4 and 16 and when hardened will securely lock the parts together. It will be understood that I- have here merely illustrated one embodiment of my process to render an understanding thereof more clear, but that my process itself consists substantially in the steps as hereinafter described.

In one embodiment the improved process may be carried out as follows, that is to say,

the part which is to be prepared for future joining and which is preferably of a sultable metal, is abraded to secure aperfectly clean or unoxidized surface, the said abrasion serving at the same time to slightly roughen the surface, so that a cement or soldering medium may the better unlte therewith. Immediately after said abrading action, and before there has been an opportunity for any noticeable oxidation of the said surface, a coating is applied to the surface of a suitable lacquer which is preferably'quick drying and which will serve to thoroughly protect the surface and keep it in a clean and unoXidized condition. If desired this lacquer, may be of such nature, that it will also serve as a flux, so that subsequent heating of the part bearing the coating will serve to destroy the lacquer and at the same time cause it to perform the usual functions of a flux. This improved process is particularly adapted for use in connection with eyeglass mountings, where it is desired to secure a metallic strap or mounting portion to a lens by means of a heat actuated cement, solder or the like. In this particular use the mounting or strap member, is usually in the form of a U shaped frame, engaging the edge and portions. of the two sides of the lens. A species of pocket is thus formed which may be abraded as by a milling device or the like and immediately afterward the inner faces which have been so abraded, coated with the lacquer as described. In connection with this process it is sometimes found desirable to also prepare the surface of the lens which is to fit within the frame or box. This may be done either by abrading or roughening said surface to destroy the usual polish mechanically or a suitable acid may be employed a drop of which placed on the lens will serve to slightly eat into its surface. It will thus be seen, that to this point, the improved process consists essentially in both preparing the surface of the metallic member so that it will be at all times in the best possible condition for uniting to a second member by means of heat controlled cement, solder or the like. The process further embodies the similar preparation of the second member or lens to be united. The parts thus are put out in such form as to be readily unitable by the purchaser without the necessity of special preparation of the surface or surfaces to be joined.

A further portion of the process, however, consists in the actual uniting of the parts which may be performed at any desired time either immediate or remote from that at which the surfaces are prepared.

This step is preferably performed under the influence of heat, the parts to be united having their temperature suitably raised as by the use of an alcohol or other flame or a soldering iron or the like, the cement or soldering medium being placed on one or both of the parts to be united, the parts being subjected to sui'iicient heat to satisfac torily soften the connecting medium and then being pressed firmly together, an excess of the connecting medium being employed so as to satisfactorily fill the space in the box so as to insure a tight joint be tween the parts.

From the foregoing description the various steps of the present improved process should be readily apparent and it will be seen that the process consists primarily in securing a clean surface on one of the parts to be united, placing a protecting coating over said surface which coating will be destroyed by heat to again expose the surface, said coating preferably also forming a flux, whereby the part when once prepared is ready for uniting at any desired future period.

The process further consists in, if desired, preparing the other surface to be united, subjecting the parts to be united to a suitable heat to raise the temperature thereof, applying a heated solder or heat actuated cement to the parts While heated or applying the material and subjecting the parts to continued heat till the uniting medium is in a liquid or plastic condition, then pressing the parts into close engagement and allowing the same to cool.

It will thus be seen that by the use of this improved process it is possible for a person relatively unskilled in the art of soldering or with but limited facilities for soldering or uniting of parts of this nature to secure a satisfactory and permanent union with a minimum of difficulty.

I claim."

1. The process of uniting difiering materials such as metal and glass, consisting in abrading the surface of the metal, coating the abraded surface with a substance to prevent oxidation, abrading the surface of the glass to destroy the polish thereof, heating a heat actuated uniting medium and the parts to be united, pressing the surfaces firmly together while under the influence of heat, with the heated uniting medium therebetween and allowing the parts to cool.

2. The process of uniting materials, consisting in abrading the surface of one of the parts, protecting said surface with a lacquer, subsequently destroying the lacquer by the action of heat, and while heated bringing the surface into engagement with the other part to be united thereto with an interposed film of suitable uniting medium for engagement with the previously prepared surface.

3. The process of uniting a lens and lens clip, consisting in abrading the inner surface of the clip, coating said surface with a material to prevent oxidation of the surface, placing a uniting medium within the clip, subjecting the clip and uniting medium to the action of heat, heating the lens, and pressing the lens while heated within the heated clip and uniting materiai, whereby the parts are united, substantially as described.

e. The process of uniting a iens and clip consisting in abrading the surfaces to be united, coating the surface of the clip after abrading to prevent oxidation thereof, applying a uniting medium to at least one of the parts, heating the parts and the uniting medium and pressing the parts together while heated, whereby the uniting medium fills the space if any between the parts and unites with the abraded surfaces to firmly secure the described.

In testimony whereof I afix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOEL C. WELLS. Witnesses:

H. K. PARSONS, EDITH M. HALVORBEN.

parts together, substantially as 

